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wdc-climate.de:2946363 eng; USA collection CEC5pc Dr. Michael Lautenschlager Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum http://www.dkrz.de/ pointOfContact Stephane Sénési Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques http://www.cnrm-game.fr pointOfContact 2019-07-02T10:57:30 ISO 19115 ISO 19115-2:2009 CNRM-CM5 model output prepared for CMIP5 piControl, served by ESGF 2014-09-30 publication 1 CEC5pc doi:10.1594/WDCC/CMIP5.CEC5pc Stephane Sénési Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques http://www.cnrm-game.fr Email: Stephane.Senesi@meteo.fr principalInvestigator Stephane Sénési Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: Stephane.Senesi@meteo.fr author Jacques Richon Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: jacuqes.richon@meteo.fr author Laurent Franchistéguy Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: laurent.franchisteguy@meteo.fr author Sophie Tyteca Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: sophie.tyteca@meteo.fr author Marie-Pierre Moine Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique http://www.cerfacs.fr Email: marie-pierre.moine@cerfacs.fr author Aurore Voldoire Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: aurore.voldoire@meteo.fr author Emilia Sanchez-Gomez Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique http://www.cerfacs.fr Email: emilia.sanchez@cerfacs.fr author David Salas y Mélia Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: david.salas@meteo.fr author Bertrand Decharme Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: bertrand.decharme@meteo.fr author Christophe Cassou Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique http://www.cerfacs.fr Email: Christophe.Cassou@cerfacs.fr author Sophie Valcke Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique http://www.cerfacs.fr Email: sophie.valcke@cerfacs.fr author Isabelle Beau Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: Isabelle.Beau@meteo.fr author Antoinette Alias Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: antoinette.alias@meteo.fr author Matthieu Chevallier Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: matthieu.chevallier@meteo.fr author Dr. Michel Déqué Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, Météo-France not filled Email: Michel.Deque@meteo.fr author Julie Deshayes French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea not filled Email: julie.deshayes@locean.ipsl.fr author Hervé Douville Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: herve.douville@meteo.fr author Gurvan Madec Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace / Centre National de Recherche Scientifique http://icmc.ipsl.fr/ Email: Gurvan.Madec@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr author Eric Maisonnave Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique http://www.cerfacs.fr Email: eric.maisonnave@cerfacs.fr author Serge Planton Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: serge.planton@meteo.fr author David Saint-Martin Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: david.saint-martin@meteo.fr author Sophie Szopa Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace / Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique https://www.lsce.ipsl.fr/ Email: sophie.szopa@lsce.ipsl.fr author Ramdane Alkama Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: ramdane.alkama@meteo.fr author Sophie Belamari Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: sophie.belamari@meteo.fr author Alain Braun Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: alain.braun@meteo.fr author Laure Coquart Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique http://www.cerfacs.fr Email: laure.coquart@cerfacs.fr author Fabrice Chauvin Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques not filled Email: fabrice.chauvin@meteo.fr author WDC Climate at DKRZ publisher piControl is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.1 piControl (3.1 Pre-Industrial Control) - Version 1: Pre-Industrial coupled atmosphere/ocean control run. Imposes non-evolving pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc . Stephane Sénési Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques http://www.cnrm-game.fr pointOfContact NetCDF CMIP5 CNRM-CM5 IPCC IPCC-AR5 IPCC-DDC WGI climate simulation piControl unrestricted: unrestricted eng; USA 0.0 360.0 -90.0 90.0 1850-01-16 2699-12-15 surface_downward_y_stress_correction Surface Downward Y Stress Correction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 water_flux_correction Water Flux Correction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 virtual_salt_flux_into_sea_water_from_rivers Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water From Rivers [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 ocean_heat_y_transport_due_to_diffusion Ocean Heat Y Transport due to Diffussion [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W sea_ice_and_surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 square_of_sea_surface_height_above_geoid Square of Sea Surface Height Above Geoid [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_ice_transport_across_line sea_ice_transport_across_line [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 virtual_salt_flux_into_sea_water_due_to_evaporation Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water due to Evaporation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 eastward_sea_water_velocity sea_water_x_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 net_primary_mole_productivity_of_carbon_by_phytoplankton [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_altitude The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Altitude is the (geometric) height above the geoid, which is the reference geopotential surface. The geoid is similar to mean sea level.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_downward_northward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward northward" indicates the ZY component of a tensor. A downward northward stress is a downward flux of northward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium northward and the upper medium southward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_temperature Soil temperature is the bulk temperature of the soil, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_floor_depth_below_geoid Sea Floor Depth [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m upward_geothermal_heat_flux_at_sea_floor Upward Geothermal Heat Flux at Sea Floor [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_ice_x_transport sea_ice_x_transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_surface_melting tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_surface_melting [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 temperature_flux_due_to_rainfall_expressed_as_heat_flux_into_sea_water Temperature Flux due to Rainfall Expressed as Heat Flux into Sea Water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 square_of_upward_ocean_mass_transport Square of Upward Ocean Mass Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg2 s-2 ocean_heat_y_transport Ocean Heat Y Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m ocean_heat_x_transport Ocean Heat X Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: psu integral_of_sea_ice_temperature_wrt_depth_expressed_as_heat_content [CF-Standard Name]; unit: J m-2 mole_concentration_of_phosphate_in_sea_water Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. . [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_frozen_water_content Soil Frozen Water Content [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_diffuse_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_diffuse_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_melt_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. For unit "m day-1" the water equivalent of snow melt is given. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled ocean_volume Ocean Grid-Cell Volume [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m3 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_surface_height_above_geoid sea_surface_height_above_geoid [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: psu ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_mixing_scheme Monthly Maximum Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness De?ned by Mixing Scheme [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m temperature_flux_due_to_evaporation_expressed_as_heat_flux_out_of_sea_water Temperature Flux due to Evaporation Expressed as Heat Flux Out of Sea Water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_downward_y_stress surface_downward_y_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 rainfall_flux rainfall_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_ice_y_transport sea_ice_y_transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_surface_salinity The unit of salinity is PSU, which is dimensionless. The units attribute should be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand if salinity is in PSU. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as "SSS". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_salinity with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: psu global_average_steric_sea_level_change Global Average Steric Sea Level Change [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_silicon_in_sea_water cf:In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ); unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen".The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Organic detritus are particles of debris from decaying plants and animals.; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_silicate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled virtual_salt_flux_into_sea_water The virtual_salt_flux_into_sea_water is the salt flux that would have the same effect on the sea surface salinity as the water_flux_out_of_sea_water. It includes the effects of precipitation, evaporation, river outflow, sea-ice and any water flux relaxation(s) and correction(s) that may have been applied. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 heat_flux_correction Flux correction is also called "flux adjustment". A positive flux correction is downward i.e. added to the ocean. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 water_flux_into_sea_water_from_rivers "Water" means water in all phases. The water flux or volume transport into sea water from rivers is the inflow to the ocean, often applied to the surface in ocean models. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_downward_x_stress surface_downward_x_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 global_average_sea_level_change Global Average Sea Level Change [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m ocean_barotropic_mass_streamfunction Ocean Barotropic Mass Streamfunction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_ice_albedo [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 upward_x_stress_at_sea_ice_base upward_x_stress_at_sea_ice_base [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 sea_water_volume Sea Water Volume [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m3 water_flux_into_sea_water alias: water_flux_into_ocean "Water" means water in all phases. The water flux into sea water is the freshwater entering as a result of precipitation, evaporation, river inflow, sea ice effects and water flux relaxation and correction (if applied). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 water_flux_into_sea_water_without_flux_correction Water means water in all phases. The water_flux_into_sea_water_without_flux_correction is the freshwater entering as a result of precipitation, evaporation, river inflow and sea ice effects. The total water flux including any flux relaxation(s) or correction(s) is described by the standard name water_flux_into_sea_water. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_snow_thickness surface_snow_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m virtual_salt_flux_correction Virtual Salt Flux Correction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_carbon_dioxide_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air surface_carbon_dioxide_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa mole_concentration_of_silicate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 ocean_mass_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon ocean_mass_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_moisture_content_at_field_capacity "moisture" means water in all phases contained in soil. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. The field capacity of soil is the maximum content of water it can retain against gravitational drainage. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_mixing_scheme Monthly Maximum Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness De?ned by Mixing Scheme [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m ocean_heat_x_transport_due_to_bolus_advection Ocean Heat X Transport due to Bolus Advection [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W surface_snow_melt_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. For unit "m day-1" the water equivalent of snow melt is given. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 upward_y_stress_at_sea_ice_base upward_y_stress_at_sea_ice_base [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 sea_water_pressure_at_sea_floor Sea Water Pressure at Sea floor [CF-Standard Name]; unit: dbar ocean_heat_x_transport_due_to_diffusion Ocean Heat X Transport due to Diffusion [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_deposition_and_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_deposition_and_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sinking_mole_flux_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen".The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Organic detritus are particles of debris from decaying plants and animals.; unit: mol m-3 surface_molecular_oxygen_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air surface_molecular_oxygen_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa mole_concentration_of_dissolved_organic_carbon_in_sea_water "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Organic carbon" describes a family of chemical species and is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ); unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_mixing_scheme Monthly Maximum Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness De?ned by Mixing Scheme [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m land_ice_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_runoff_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_water_vapor_content "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Atmosphere water vapor content is sometimes referred to as "precipitable water", although this term does not imply the water could all be precipitated.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_x_stress_correction Surface Downward X Stress Correction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_snow_conversion [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 square_of_sea_surface_temperature Square of Sea Surface Temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K2 tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_congelation_ice_accumulation tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_congelation_ice_accumulation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K upward_ocean_mass_transport Upward Ocean Mass Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_ice_surface_temperature sea_ice_surface_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 northward_sea_water_velocity sea_water_y_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 ocean_heat_y_transport_due_to_bolus_advection Ocean Heat Y Transport due to Bolus Advection [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W surface_downward_heat_flux_in_sea_water surface_downward_heat_flux_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change Global Average Thermosteric Sea Level Change [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_downward_mole_flux_of_molecular_oxygen surface_downward_mole_flux_of_molecular_oxygen [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_organic_carbon_in_sea_water "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Organic carbon" describes a family of chemical species and is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_mesozooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Mesozooplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon concentration from mesozooplankton (20-200 um) component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where Xis a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Mesozooplankton are zooplankton ranging between 20 micrometers and 200 micrometers in size. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 surface_snow_and_ice_sublimation_flux Sublimation over Sea Ice [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Downwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux_from_soil Water means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called sublimation.) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, flux implies per unit area, called flux density in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled transpiration_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux_onto_canopy Precipitation onto Canopy [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_downward_radiative_flux_at_top_of_atmosphere_model Net Downward Flux at Top of Model [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled square_of_ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Square of Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness De?ned by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_frazil_ice_accumulation_in_leads tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_frazil_ice_accumulation_in_leads [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 water_evaporation_flux "Water" means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 net_downward_shortwave_flux_at_sea_water_surface net_downward_shortwave_flux_at_sea_water_surface [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_lateral_growth_of_ice_floes Lateral Sea Ice Growth Rate Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table OImon: Monthly Mean Ocean Cryosphere Fields Comment in standard_output document: the rate of change of sea ice mass due to lateral growth alone of the sea ice divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell. Reported as 0.0 in regions free of sea ice. Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Amount" means mass per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. An ice floe is a flat expanse of sea ice, generally taken to be less than 10 km across. "Lateral growth of ice floe" means the accumulation of ice at the extreme edges of the ice area. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 virtual_salt_flux_into_sea_water_due_to_rainfall Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water due to Rainfall [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_downward_y_stress surface_downward_y_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 salt_flux_into_sea_water_from_rivers Salt Flux into Sea Water from Rivers [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Diatoms expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon from the diatom phytoplankton component concentration alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Diatoms are single-celled phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica.Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_iron_in_sea_water cf:In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_microzooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Microzooplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon concentration from the microzooplankton (<20 um) component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where Xis a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Microzooplankton are zooplankton of less than 20 micrometers in size. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mass_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water Diatom Chlorophyll Mass Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: chlorophyll from diatom phytoplankton component concentration alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mass concentration' means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B containedin A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Diatoms are single-celled phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 square_of_sea_surface_temperature Square of Sea Surface Temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K2 soil_moisture_content "moisture" means water in all phases contained in soil. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K land_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 mole_fraction_of_ozone_in_air Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux_from_canopy Evaporation from Canopy [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled region Region Selection Index [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_area_fraction Sea Area Fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux "Water" means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_basal_melting tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_basal_melting [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_water_mass Sea Water Mass [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg age_of_sea_ice age_of_sea_ice [CF-Standard Name]; unit: yr ocean_meridional_overturning_mass_streamfunction Ocean Meridional Overturning Mass Streamfunction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_ice_salinity sea_ice_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: psu sea_surface_temperature Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any), and not the skin temperature, whose standard name is surface_temperature. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K surface_downward_x_stress surface_downward_x_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 mass_concentration_of_miscellaneous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water Other Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Mass Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: chlorophyll from additional phytoplankton component concentrations alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. 'Miscellaneous phytoplankton' are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other seperately named components of the phytoplankton population. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_elemental_nitrogen_due_to_fixation tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_elemental_nitrogen_due_to_fixation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_miscellaneous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Miscellaneous Phytoplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon concentration from additional phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. 'Miscellaneous phytoplankton' are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other seperately named components of the phytoplankton population. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_phosphate_in_sea_water Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. . [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_at_saturation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled root_depth Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. The root depth is maximum depth of soil reached by plant roots, from which they can extract moisture.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_snow_thickness surface_snow_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_eastward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward eastward" indicates the ZX component of a tensor. A downward eastward stress is a downward flux of eastward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium eastward and the upper medium westward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_cloud_condensed_water_content "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux "Water" means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled NetCDF 3022408 https://www.wdc-climate.de/ui/entry?acronym=CEC5pc information collection