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wdc-climate.de:2946366 eng; USA collection MOGEe8 Dr. Michael Lautenschlager Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum http://www.dkrz.de/ pointOfContact Dr. Michael Lautenschlager Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum http://www.dkrz.de/ pointOfContact Spencer Liddicoat Met Office Hadley Centre http://www.metoffice.gov.uk pointOfContact 2019-07-02T10:57:30 ISO 19115 ISO 19115-2:2009 HadGEM2-ES model output prepared for CMIP5 esmrcp85, served by ESGF 2014-11-18 publication 1 MOGEe8 doi:10.1594/WDCC/CMIP5.MOGEe8 Spencer Liddicoat Met Office Hadley Centre http://www.metoffice.gov.uk Email: spencer.liddicoat@metoffice.gov.uk principalInvestigator Spencer Liddicoat Met Office Hadley Centre http://www.metoffice.gov.uk Email: spencer.liddicoat@metoffice.gov.uk author Chris Jones Met Office Hadley Centre http://www.metoffice.gov.uk Email: chris.d.jones@metoffice.gov.uk author John Hughes Met Office Hadley Centre http://www.metoffice.gov.uk Email: john.hughes@metoffice.gov.uk author WDC Climate at DKRZ publisher "esmrcp85" is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 5.3 esmrcp85 (5.3 ESM RCP8.5): Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP8.5. As in experiment 4.2_RCP8.5 but emissions-forced (with atmospheric CO2 determined by the model itself). Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc. Spencer Liddicoat Met Office Hadley Centre http://www.metoffice.gov.uk pointOfContact NetCDF CMIP5 HadGEM2-ES IPCC IPCC-AR5 IPCC-DDC MOHC WGI climate simulation esmrcp85 unrestricted: unrestricted eng; USA 0.0 360.0 -90.0 90.0 proleptic_gregorian 2005-12-01 2100-11-30 surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled leaf_carbon_content Carbon Mass in Leaves Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_temperature Soil temperature is the bulk temperature of the soil, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_altitude The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Altitude is the (geometric) height above the geoid, which is the reference geopotential surface. The geoid is similar to mean sea level.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_floor_depth_below_geoid Sea Floor Depth [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_silicate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol Load of Seasalt [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled fast_soil_pool_carbon_content Carbon Mass in Fast Soil Pool Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Comment in standard_output document: fast is meant as lifetime of less than 10 years for reference climate conditions (20 C, no water limitations). Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. "Soil carbon" is the organic matter present in soil quantified by the mass of carbon it contains. Soil carbon is returned to the atmosphere as the organic matter decays. The decay process takes varying amounts of time depending on the composition of the organic matter, the temperature and the availability of moisture. A carbon "soil pool" means the carbon contained in organic matter which has a characteristic period over which it decays and releases carbon into the atmosphere. "Fast soil pool" refers to the decay of organic matter in soil with a characteristic period of less than ten years under reference climate conditions of a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius and no water limitations. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_miscellaneous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Miscellaneous Phytoplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon concentration from additional phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. 'Miscellaneous phytoplankton' are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other seperately named components of the phytoplankton population. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_northward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward northward" indicates the ZY component of a tensor. A downward northward stress is a downward flux of northward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium northward and the upper medium southward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled ocean_mass_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon ocean_mass_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cell_thickness Ocean Model Cell Thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Diatoms expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon from the diatom phytoplankton component concentration alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Diatoms are single-celled phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica.Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Dissolved inorganic carbon' describes a family of chemical species in solution, including carbon dioxide, carbonic acid and the carbonate and bicarbonate anions. 'Dissolved inorganic carbon' is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_in_air Surface Concentration of Dry Aerosol Secondary Organic Matter [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled minimum_depth_of_aragonite_undersaturation_in_sea_water Aragonite Saturation Depth Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Omon: Monthly Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: "Depth of aragonite saturation horizon (0 if < surface, ""missing"" if > bottom, if two, then the shallower)" Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. 'Undersaturation' means that a solution is unsaturated with respect to a solute. Aragonite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of aragonite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for calcite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. The "minimum depth of undersaturation", sometimes called the "saturation horizon", is the shallowest depth at which a body of water is an undersaturated solution of a named solute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_carbon_content [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled effective_radius_of_cloud_liquid_water_particles_at_liquid_water_cloud_top effective_radius_of_cloud_liquid_water_particle_at_liquid_water_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_frozen_water_content Soil Frozen Water Content [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled wood_carbon_content Carbon Mass in Wood Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Comment in standard_output document: including sapwood and hardwood. Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_dust_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of Dust [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled upward_ocean_mass_transport Upward Ocean Mass Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_iron_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Dissolved inorganic iron' means iron ions, in oxidation states of both Fe2+ and Fe3+, in solution. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_y_velocity sea_ice_y_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_flux_into_sea_water_from_rivers "Water" means water in all phases. The water flux or volume transport into sea water from rivers is the inflow to the ocean, often applied to the surface in ocean models. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled ocean_volume Ocean Grid-Cell Volume [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m3 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_and_surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). 'Emission' is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_at_saturation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_in_air Surface Concentration of Black Carbon Aerosol [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled medium_soil_pool_carbon_content Carbon Mass in Medium Soil Pool Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Comment in standard_output document: medium is meant as lifetime of more than than 10 years and less than 100 years for reference climate conditions (20 C, no water limitations) Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. "Soil carbon" is the organic matter present in soil quantified by the mass of carbon it contains. Soil carbon is returned to the atmosphere as the organic matter decays. The decay process takes varying amounts of time depending on the composition of the organic matter, the temperature and the availability of moisture. A carbon "soil pool" means the carbon contained in organic matter which has a characteristic period over which it decays and releases carbon into the atmosphere. "Medium soil pool" refers to the decay of organic matter in soil with a characteristic period of between ten and one hundred years under reference climate conditions of a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius and no water limitations. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon. It is strongly light absorbing. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_zooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_zooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled leaf_area_index "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen".The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Organic detritus are particles of debris from decaying plants and animals.; unit: not filled vegetation_carbon_content vegetation_carbon_content [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol Ambient Aerosol Opitical Thickness at 550 nm [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_surface_height_above_geoid sea_surface_height_above_geoid [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 sea_surface_temperature Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any), and not the skin temperature, whose standard name is surface_temperature. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled global_average_steric_sea_level_change Global Average Steric Sea Level Change [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sinking_mole_flux_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled depth_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water depth_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_carbon_mass_flux_due_to_plant_respiration_for_biomass_maintenance Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Maintenance Autotrophic Respiration on Land Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). Plant respiration is the sum of respiration by parts of plants both above and below the soil. Plants which photosynthesise are autotrophs i.e."producers" of the biomass which they respire from inorganic precursors using sunlight for energy. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_expressed_as_sulfur_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_number_content_of_cloud_droplets Column Integrated Cloud Droplet Number [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water Phytoplankton Silica Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: sum of phytoplankton silica component concentrations Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called"molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled carbon_mass_flux_into_soil_from_vegetation_excluding_litter Total Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation Directly to Soil Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Comment in standard_output document: In some models part of carbon (e.g., root exudate) can go directly into the soil pool without entering litter. Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Vegetation" means any plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. "Litter" is dead plant material in or above the soil. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_diatoms_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water Diatom Chlorophyll Mass Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: chlorophyll from diatom phytoplankton component concentration alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mass concentration' means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B containedin A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. Diatoms are single-celled phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_fraction_of_cloud_ice_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_net_upward_convective_mass_flux atmosphere_net_upward_convective_mass_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_wet_deposition [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_snow_conversion [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_miscellaneous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water Other Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Mass Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: chlorophyll from additional phytoplankton component concentrations alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. 'Miscellaneous phytoplankton' are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other seperately named components of the phytoplankton population. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_surface_salinity The unit of salinity is PSU, which is dimensionless. The units attribute should be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand if salinity is in PSU. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as "SSS". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_salinity with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled root_carbon_content Carbon Mass in Roots Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Comment in standard_output document: including fine and coarse roots. Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_aragonite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_at_saturation Mole Concentration of Aragonite expressed as Carbon in Sea Water at Saturation Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called"molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. Mole concentration at saturation means the mole concentration in a saturated solution.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Aragonite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of aragonite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for calcite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_ammonium_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_water_vapor_content "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Atmosphere water vapor content is sometimes referred to as "precipitable water", although this term does not imply the water could all be precipitated.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_particulate_matter_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_matter_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_primary_mole_productivity_of_carbon_by_diatoms [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled plant_respiration_carbon_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_emission tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_zooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_zooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ); unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_aragonite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_at_saturation Mole Concentration of Aragonite expressed as Carbon in Sea Water at Saturation Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called"molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. Mole concentration at saturation means the mole concentration in a saturated solution.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Aragonite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of aragonite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for calcite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol Load of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_flux_into_sea_water alias: water_flux_into_ocean "Water" means water in all phases. The water flux into sea water is the freshwater entering as a result of precipitation, evaporation, river inflow, sea ice effects and water flux relaxation and correction (if applied). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled shallow_convection_time_fraction shallow_convection_time_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_primary_mole_productivity_of_carbon_by_miscellaneous_phytoplankton [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_x_velocity sea_ice_x_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_mole_flux_of_molecular_oxygen surface_downward_mole_flux_of_molecular_oxygen [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen".The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Organic detritus are particles of debris from decaying plants and animals.; unit: not filled surface_upward_carbon_mass_flux_due_to_plant_respiration_for_biomass_growth Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Growth Autotrophic Respiration on Land Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). Plant respiration is the sum of respiration by parts of plants both above and below the soil. Plants which photosynthesise are autotrophs i.e."producers" of the biomass which they respire from inorganic precursors using sunlight for energy. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_and_ice_sublimation_flux Sublimation over Sea Ice [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_nitrogen_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Inorganic nitrogen' describes a family of chemical species which, in an ocean model, usually includes nitrite, nitrate and ammonium which act as nitrogen nutrients. 'Inorganic nitrogen' is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_sedimentation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_silicate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol Ambient Aerosol Opitical Thickness at 550 nm [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_mole_flux_of_dimethyl_sulfide surface_upward_mole_flux_of_dimethyl_sulfide [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_fraction_of_cloud_liquid_water_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_dimethyl_sulfide_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dimethyl_sulfide_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_silicon_in_sea_water cf:In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Primary particulate organic matter " means all organic matter emitted directly to the atmosphere as particles except black carbon. The sum of primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol and secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol is particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_and_ice_sublimation_flux Sublimation over Sea Ice [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_moisture_content "moisture" means water in all phases contained in soil. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_silicon_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Dissolved inorganic silicon/silicate' means silicate ions in solution. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_flux_into_sea_water_without_flux_correction Water means water in all phases. The water_flux_into_sea_water_without_flux_correction is the freshwater entering as a result of precipitation, evaporation, river inflow and sea ice effects. The total water flux including any flux relaxation(s) or correction(s) is described by the standard name water_flux_into_sea_water. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol Load of Black Carbon Aerosol [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled gross_primary_productivity_of_carbon Gross primary productivity is the rate of synthesis of biomass per unit area from inorganic precursors by autotrophs, especially by photosynthesising plants using sunlight for energy. The producers also respire some of this biomass and the difference is net_primary_producivity. "Productivity of carbon" refers to the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 land_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled carbon_content_of_products_of_anthropogenic_land_use_change Carbon Mass in Products of Land Use Change Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "products_of_anthropogenic_land_use_change" means the different end-products of wood that has been removed from the environment by deforestation. Examples are paper, cardboard, furniture and timber for construction. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites. "Anthropogenic" means influenced, caused, or created by human activity. [CF-Standard Name] cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "products_of_anthropogenic_land_use_change" means the different end-products of wood that has been removed from the environment by deforestation. Examples are paper, cardboard, furniture and timber for construction. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites. "Anthropogenic" means influenced, caused, or created by human activity. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_at_saturation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled region Region Selection Index [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_partial_pressure_of_carbon_dioxide_in_sea_water surface_partial_pressure_of_carbon_dioxide_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_primary_mole_productivity_of_carbon_by_phytoplankton [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled minimum_depth_of_calcite_undersaturation_in_sea_water minimum_depth_of_calcite_undersaturation_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_silicon_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_silicon_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_primary_productivity_of_carbon Net primary productivity is the excess of gross_primary_producivity (rate of synthesis of biomass per unit area from inorganic precursors by autotrophs, or "producers", especially by photosynthesising plants using sunlight for energy) over the rate at which they themselves respire some of this biomass (plant_respiration, assuming all producers to be plants). "Productivity of carbon" refers to the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux_from_canopy Evaporation from Canopy [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_concentration_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol_in_air Surface Concentration of Seasalt [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_area_fraction Sea Area Fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_deposition_and_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_deposition_and_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol Load of Dust [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_flux_into_sea_water_due_to_sea_ice_thermodynamics Water Flux into Sea Water due to Sea Ice Thermodynamics [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_primary_mole_productivity_of_carbon_due_to_nitrate_utilization [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon. It is strongly light absorbing. "Wet deposition" means deposition by precipitation. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_cloud_condensed_water_content "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes_excluding_anthropogenic_land_use_change Net Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmophere due to Net Ecosystem Productivity on Land. Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Comment in standard_output document: Natural flux of CO2 (expressed as a mass flux of carbon) from the atmosphere to the land calculated as the difference between uptake associated will photosynthesis and the release of CO2 from the sum of plant and soil respiration and fire. Positive flux is into the land. emissions from natural fires + human ignition fires as calculated by the fire module of the DGVM, but excluding any CO2 flux from fire included in fLuc, defined below (CO2 Flux to Atmosphere from Land Use Change). Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "All land processes" means plant and soil respiration, photosynthesis, animal grazing, crop harvesting, natural fires and anthropogenic land use change. "Anthropogenic land use change" means human changes to land, excluding forest regrowth. It includes fires ignited by humans for the purpose of land use change and the processes of eventual disposal and decomposition of wood products such as paper, cardboard, furniture and timber for construction. The quantity with standard name surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes is equal to the difference between the quantities with standard names surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes_excluding_anthropogenic_land_use_change and surface_net_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_anthropogenic_land_use_change. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled integral_wrt_depth_of_tendency_of_sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent_due_to_biological_processes cf:Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. 'sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent' is the total alkalinity equivalent concentration (including carbonate, nitrogen, silicate, and borate components). The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'wrt' means with respect to. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_transport_across_line sea_water_transport_across_line [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_thickness surface_snow_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_sea_water_velocity sea_water_y_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_sea_water_velocity sea_water_x_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change Global Average Thermosteric Sea Level Change [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux "Water" means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol Load of Dry Aerosol Secondary Organic Matter [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ); unit: not filled surface_downward_eastward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward eastward" indicates the ZX component of a tensor. A downward eastward stress is a downward flux of eastward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium eastward and the upper medium westward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_iron_in_sea_water cf:In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled heat_flux_into_sea_water_due_to_freezing_of_frazil_ice heat_flux_into_sea_water_due_to_freezing_of_frazil_ice [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled heterotrophic_respiration_carbon_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon. It is strongly light absorbing. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled NetCDF 237216 https://www.wdc-climate.de/ui/entry?acronym=MOGEe8 information collection