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wdc-climate.de:3105194 eng; USA collection CCE2ss Dr. Michael Lautenschlager Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum http://www.dkrz.de/ pointOfContact Prof. Gregory M. Flato Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis http://www.cccma.ec.gc.ca pointOfContact 2019-07-02T10:57:30 ISO 19115 ISO 19115-2:2009 CanESM2 model output prepared for CMIP5 sstClimSulfate, served by ESGF 2015-01-12 publication 1 CCE2ss doi:10.1594/WDCC/CMIP5.CCE2ss Prof. Gregory M. Flato Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis http://www.cccma.ec.gc.ca Email: greg.flato@ec.gc.ca principalInvestigator Prof. Gregory M. Flato Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis http://www.cccma.ec.gc.ca Email: greg.flato@ec.gc.ca author WDC Climate at DKRZ publisher 'sstClimSulfate' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 6.4b sstClimSulfate (6.4b sulfate aerosol forcing) - Version 1: AMIP-style experiment with control run climatological SSTs and sea ice (as in expt. 6.2a) but with aerosols consistent with conditions in year 2000 of the historical run (expt. 3.2) Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc. Prof. Gregory M. Flato Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis http://www.cccma.ec.gc.ca pointOfContact NetCDF CCCma CMIP5 CanESM2 IPCC IPCC-AR5 IPCC-DDC WGI climate simulation sstClimSulfate unrestricted: unrestricted eng; USA 0.0 360.0 -90.0 90.0 proleptic_gregorian 1850-01-01 1899-12-31 sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_natural_sources surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_natural_sources [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_northward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward northward" indicates the ZY component of a tensor. A downward northward stress is a downward flux of northward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium northward and the upper medium southward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_temperature Soil temperature is the bulk temperature of the soil, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled temperature_in_surface_snow temperature_in_surface_snow [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon. It is strongly light absorbing. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mass_fraction_of_stratiform_cloud_liquid_water_in_air Mass Fraction of Stratiform Cloud Liquid Water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). 'Emission' is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mass_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of Dry Aerosol Organic Matter [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Downwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol Load of Dust [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 atmosphere_net_upward_deep_convective_mass_flux atmosphere_net_upward_deep_convective_mass_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol Load of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 cloud_albedo ISCCP Mean Cloud Albedo [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 atmosphere_cloud_condensed_water_content "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mole_fraction_of_carbon_dioxide_in_air Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_melt_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. For unit "m day-1" the water equivalent of snow melt is given. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled convection_time_fraction convection_time_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_and_surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled rainfall_flux rainfall_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_frozen_water_content Soil Frozen Water Content [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_base air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_base [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled leaf_area_index "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon. It is strongly light absorbing. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol" means all particulate organic matter dry aerosol except black carbon. It is the sum of primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol and secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_dry_deposition Dry Deposition Rate of DMS [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_expressed_as_sulfur_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Wet deposition" means deposition by precipitation. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol Load of Black Carbon Aerosol [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_net_upward_convective_mass_flux atmosphere_net_upward_convective_mass_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_fraction_of_cloud_ice_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_base air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_base [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled stratiform_cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer grid scale cloud area fraction. Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant valu es in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occu pied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". In an atmosphere model, stratiform clou d is that produced by large-scale convergence (not the convection schemes). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 toa_bidirectional_reflectance PARASOL Reflectance [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 mass_concentration_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 atmosphere_downdraft_convective_mass_flux Downdraught Convective Mass Flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mass_concentration_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol_in_air Surface Concentration of Seasalt [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 atmosphere_net_upward_shallow_convective_mass_flux atmosphere_net_upward_shallow_convective_mass_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 plant_respiration_carbon_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_y_stress surface_downward_y_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_runoff_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_water_vapor_content "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Atmosphere water vapor content is sometimes referred to as "precipitable water", although this term does not imply the water could all be precipitated.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled shallow_convection_time_fraction shallow_convection_time_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_of_carbon_dioxide atmosphere_mass_of_carbon_dioxide [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Upwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_emission tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_due_to_net_chemical_production_and_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_diffuse_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_diffuse_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mass_fraction_of_stratiform_cloud_ice_in_air Mass Fraction of Stratiform Cloud Ice [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 mass_concentration_of_dust_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of Dust [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 air_pressure_at_cloud_top air_pressure_at_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_pressure_at_cloud_top air_pressure_at_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 toa_bidirectional_reflectance PARASOL Reflectance [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux_from_soil Water means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called sublimation.) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, flux implies per unit area, called flux density in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux_onto_canopy Precipitation onto Canopy [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled transpiration_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled mass_fraction_of_cloud_liquid_water_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_downward_radiative_flux_at_top_of_atmosphere_model Net Downward Flux at Top of Model [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_and_ice_sublimation_flux Sublimation over Sea Ice [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_mass_content_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol Load of Dry Aerosol Organic Matter [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 atmosphere_updraft_convective_mass_flux Updraught Convective Mass Flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_x_stress surface_downward_x_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_anthropogenic_emission tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_anthropogenic_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_melt_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. For unit "m day-1" the water equivalent of snow melt is given. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled soil_moisture_content "moisture" means water in all phases contained in soil. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled net_primary_productivity_of_carbon Net primary productivity is the excess of gross_primary_producivity (rate of synthesis of biomass per unit area from inorganic precursors by autotrophs, or "producers", especially by photosynthesising plants using sunlight for energy) over the rate at which they themselves respire some of this biomass (plant_respiration, assuming all producers to be plants). "Productivity of carbon" refers to the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled gross_primary_productivity_of_carbon Gross primary productivity is the rate of synthesis of biomass per unit area from inorganic precursors by autotrophs, especially by photosynthesising plants using sunlight for energy. The producers also respire some of this biomass and the difference is net_primary_producivity. "Productivity of carbon" refers to the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux_from_canopy Evaporation from Canopy [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_diffuse_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Surface Diffuse Downwelling Clear Sky Shortwave Radiation Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table aero: Monthly Mean Aerosol-Related Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean "net downward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". "Diffuse" radiation is radiation that has been scattered by particles in the atmosphere such as cloud droplets and aerosols. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A phrase "assuming_condition" indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 cloud_albedo ISCCP Mean Cloud Albedo [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_wet_deposition [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol" means all particulate organic matter dry aerosol except black carbon. It is the sum of primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol and secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol. "Wet deposition" means deposition by precipitation. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 isccp_cloud_area_fraction ISCCP Cloud Area Fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 mass_concentration_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_in_air Surface Concentration of Black Carbon Aerosol [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition Dry Deposition Rate of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_snow_thickness surface_snow_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled atmosphere_cloud_condensed_water_content "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downward_eastward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward eastward" indicates the ZX component of a tensor. A downward eastward stress is a downward flux of eastward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium eastward and the upper medium westward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled heterotrophic_respiration_carbon_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes_excluding_anthropogenic_land_use_change Net Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmophere due to Net Ecosystem Productivity on Land. Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Lmon: Monthly Mean Land Fields, Including Comment in standard_output document: Natural flux of CO2 (expressed as a mass flux of carbon) from the atmosphere to the land calculated as the difference between uptake associated will photosynthesis and the release of CO2 from the sum of plant and soil respiration and fire. Positive flux is into the land. emissions from natural fires + human ignition fires as calculated by the fire module of the DGVM, but excluding any CO2 flux from fire included in fLuc, defined below (CO2 Flux to Atmosphere from Land Use Change). Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. "All land processes" means plant and soil respiration, photosynthesis, animal grazing, crop harvesting, natural fires and anthropogenic land use change. "Anthropogenic land use change" means human changes to land, excluding forest regrowth. It includes fires ignited by humans for the purpose of land use change and the processes of eventual disposal and decomposition of wood products such as paper, cardboard, furniture and timber for construction. The quantity with standard name surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes is equal to the difference between the quantities with standard names surface_net_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_all_land_processes_excluding_anthropogenic_land_use_change and surface_net_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_anthropogenic_land_use_change. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled water_evaporation_flux "Water" means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_mass_content_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol Load of Seasalt [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_wet_deposition Wet Deposition Rate of DMS [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Downwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon. It is strongly light absorbing. "Wet deposition" means deposition by precipitation. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 NetCDF 59215 https://www.wdc-climate.de/ui/entry?acronym=CCE2ss information collection