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wdc-climate.de:3475131 eng; USA collection CQMKhnv2015 Dr. Michael Lautenschlager Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum http://www.dkrz.de/ pointOfContact Stephen Jeffrey Queensland Government http://www.qld.gov.au/dsiti/ pointOfContact Mark Collier Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.dar.csiro.au/ pointOfContact Dr. Leon Rotstayn Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.cmar.csiro.au pointOfContact 2015-05-11T14:15:57 ISO 19115 ISO 19115-2:2009 CSIRO-Mk3-6-0 model output prepared for CMIP5 historicalNat (Version 2015), served by ESGF 2016-01-19 publication 1 CQMKhnv2015 doi:10.1594/WDCC/CMIP5.CQMKhnv2015 Dr. Leon Rotstayn Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.cmar.csiro.au Email: Leon.Rotstayn@csiro.au principalInvestigator Stephen Jeffrey Queensland Government http://www.qld.gov.au/dsiti/ Email: stephen.jeffrey@qld.gov.au principalInvestigator Stephen Jeffrey Queensland Government http://www.qld.gov.au/dsiti/ Email: stephen.jeffrey@qld.gov.au author Dr. Leon Rotstayn Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.cmar.csiro.au Email: Leon.Rotstayn@csiro.au author Mark Collier Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.cmar.csiro.au Email: Mark.Collier@csiro.au author Stacey Dravitzki Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.cmar.csiro.au Email: stacey.dravitzki@csiro.au author Carlo Hamalainen Queensland Government http://www.qld.gov.au/dsiti/ Email: carlo.hamalainen@gmail.com author Chris Moeseneder Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.cmar.csiro.au Email: chris.moeseneder@csiro.au author Kenneth Wong Queensland Government http://www.qld.gov.au/dsiti/ Email: kenneth.wong@dsiti.qld.gov.au author Jozef Syktus Queensland Government http://www.qld.gov.au/dsiti/ Email: jozef.syktus@dsiti.qld.gov.au author WDC Climate at DKRZ publisher The experiment includes the latest CMIP5 data of CSIRO for January 2015. The data is a newer version of the IPCC DDC AR5 data of CSIRO. 'historicalNat' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 7.1 historicalNat (7.1 natural-only historical simulation) - Version 1: Historical simulation but with natural forcing only. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc. Stephen Jeffrey Queensland Government http://www.qld.gov.au/dsiti/ pointOfContact Mark Collier Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.dar.csiro.au/ pointOfContact Dr. Leon Rotstayn Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation http://www.cmar.csiro.au pointOfContact NetCDF CMIP5 CSIRO-Mk3-6-0 IPCC IPCC-AR5 IPCC-DDC WGI climate simulation historicalNat unrestricted: unrestricted eng; USA 0.0 360.0 -90.0 90.0 proleptic_gregorian 1850-01-01 2013-01-01 surface_altitude The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Altitude is the (geometric) height above the geoid, which is the reference geopotential surface. The geoid is similar to mean sea level.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_floor_depth_below_geoid Sea Floor Depth [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 number_concentration_of_cloud_liquid_water_particles_in_air_at_liquid_water_cloud_top number_concentration_of_cloud_liquid_water_particles_in_air_at_liquid_water_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m-3 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon. It is strongly light absorbing. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K ocean_meridional_overturning_mass_streamfunction Ocean Meridional Overturning Mass Streamfunction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 northward_ocean_heat_transport Northward Ocean Heat Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W atmosphere_cloud_condensed_water_content "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_snow_thickness surface_snow_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m ocean_barotropic_mass_streamfunction Ocean Barotropic Mass Streamfunction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_surface_salinity The unit of salinity is PSU, which is dimensionless. The units attribute should be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand if salinity is in PSU. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as "SSS". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_salinity with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: psu atmosphere_absorption_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol Ambient Aerosol Absorption Optical Thickness at 550 nm [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: psu surface_downward_y_stress surface_downward_y_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m ocean_volume Ocean Grid-Cell Volume [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m3 cell_thickness Ocean Model Cell Thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_fraction_of_sulfur_dioxide_in_air mole_fraction_of_sulfur_dioxide_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 upward_ocean_mass_transport Upward Ocean Mass Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: psu atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol Load of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_wet_deposition [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mass_concentration_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_in_air Surface Concentration of Black Carbon Aerosol [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 northward_sea_water_velocity sea_water_y_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 mass_fraction_of_cloud_ice_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K water_flux_into_sea_water alias: water_flux_into_ocean "Water" means water in all phases. The water flux into sea water is the freshwater entering as a result of precipitation, evaporation, river inflow, sea ice effects and water flux relaxation and correction (if applied). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Wet deposition" means deposition by precipitation. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mass_concentration_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 surface_downward_eastward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward eastward" indicates the ZX component of a tensor. A downward eastward stress is a downward flux of eastward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium eastward and the upper medium westward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa sea_water_transport_across_line sea_water_transport_across_line [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_net_upward_convective_mass_flux atmosphere_net_upward_convective_mass_flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K mass_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of Dry Aerosol Organic Matter [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 mole_fraction_of_dimethyl_sulfide_in_air mole_fraction_of_dimethyl_sulfide_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition Dry Deposition Rate of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_runoff_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change Global Average Thermosteric Sea Level Change [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 northward_ocean_heat_transport_due_to_bolus_advection Northward Ocean Heat Transport due to Bolus Advection [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W northward_ocean_heat_transport_due_to_diffusion Northward Ocean Heat Transport due to Diffusion [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_diffuse_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_diffuse_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_water_vapor_content "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Atmosphere water vapor content is sometimes referred to as "precipitable water", although this term does not imply the water could all be precipitated.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 land_ice_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 moisture_content_of_soil_layer moisture_content_of_soil_layer [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). 'Emission' is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa ocean_mass_x_transport Ocean Mass X Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_surface_temperature Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any), and not the skin temperature, whose standard name is surface_temperature. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K mass_fraction_of_cloud_liquid_water_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 eastward_sea_water_velocity sea_water_x_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 water_flux_into_sea_water_from_rivers "Water" means water in all phases. The water flux or volume transport into sea water from rivers is the inflow to the ocean, often applied to the surface in ocean models. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_downward_northward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward northward" indicates the ZY component of a tensor. A downward northward stress is a downward flux of northward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium northward and the upper medium southward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_due_to_net_chemical_production_and_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_number_content_of_cloud_droplets Column Integrated Cloud Droplet Number [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m-2 sea_ice_y_transport sea_ice_y_transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_pm1_ambient_aerosol Ambient Fine Aerosol Opitical Thickness at 550 nm [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol Load of Dust [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 mass_concentration_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol_in_air Surface Concentration of Black Carbon Aerosol [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_expressed_as_sulfur_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfur_dioxide_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K atmosphere_mass_content_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol Load of Seasalt [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol Load of Black Carbon Aerosol [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_ice_x_transport sea_ice_x_transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 water_evaporation_flux "Water" means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called "sublimation".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 soil_moisture_content "moisture" means water in all phases contained in soil. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K air_pressure_at_sea_level sea_level means mean sea level, which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa region Region Selection Index [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 sea_area_fraction Sea Area Fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 land_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 ocean_mass_y_transport Ocean Mass Y Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 mass_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of Dry Aerosol Organic Matter [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol Ambient Aerosol Opitical Thickness at 550 nm [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol Ambient Aerosol Opitical Thickness at 550 nm [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 sea_surface_height_above_geoid sea_surface_height_above_geoid [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_emission tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dimethyl_sulfide_due_to_emission [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_downward_heat_flux_in_sea_water surface_downward_heat_flux_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 net_downward_radiative_flux_at_top_of_atmosphere_model Net Downward Flux at Top of Model [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol_due_to_dry_deposition "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Dry deposition" means gravitational settling, impact scavenging and turbulent deposition. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mass_concentration_of_dust_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of Dust [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 mass_concentration_of_dust_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of Dust [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 mass_concentration_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_in_air Concentration of SO4 [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 effective_radius_of_cloud_liquid_water_particles_at_liquid_water_cloud_top effective_radius_of_cloud_liquid_water_particle_at_liquid_water_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_downward_x_stress surface_downward_x_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 ocean_meridional_overturning_mass_streamfunction_due_to_bolus_advection Ocean Meridional Overturning Mass Streamfunction due to Bolus Advection [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_water_potential_density Sea Water Potential Density [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 atmosphere_mass_content_of_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol Load of Dry Aerosol Organic Matter [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol_due_to_emission "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. "Aerosol" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. "Dry aerosol" means aerosol without water. "Primary particulate organic matter " means all organic matter emitted directly to the atmosphere as particles except black carbon. The sum of primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol and secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol is particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol. "Emission" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. earth's surface). "Emission" is a process entirely distinct from "re-emission" which is used in some standard names. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 NetCDF 3182506 https://www.wdc-climate.de/ui/entry?acronym=CQMKhnv2015 information collection