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wdc-climate.de:3881427 eng; USA collection SOLCHECK_MPI-ESM-HR_C6_hist Dr. Holger Pohlmann Max Planck Institute for Meteorology https://mpimet.mpg.de/ pointOfContact Dr. Holger Pohlmann Max Planck Institute for Meteorology https://mpimet.mpg.de/ pointOfContact 2020-12-07T10:12:16 ISO 19115 ISO 19115-2:2009 SOLCHECK MPI-M MPI-ESM1-2-HR CMIP6 historical simulation without solar and ozone variability 2021-04-30 publication 1 SOLCHECK_MPI-ESM-HR_C6_hist doi:10.26050/WDCC/SOLCHECK_MPI-ESM-HR_C6_hist Dr. Holger Pohlmann Max Planck Institute for Meteorology https://mpimet.mpg.de/ Email: holger.pohlmann@mpimet.mpg.de principalInvestigator Dr. Holger Pohlmann Max Planck Institute for Meteorology https://mpimet.mpg.de/ Email: holger.pohlmann@mpimet.mpg.de author WDC Climate at DKRZ publisher Ensemble of MPI-ESM1-2-HR CMIP6 historical simulations without solar and ozone variability (i.e., set to the year 1850). The simulations are performed within the BMBF project "Solar contribution to climate change on decadal to centennial timescales" (SOLCHECK) of the "Role of the middle atmosphere in climate" (ROMIC II: https://romic2.iap-kborn.de/en/romic/strategy). The experimental setup is identical to the MPI-ESM1-2-HR historical CMIP6 simulations except for the solar and ozone variability. Please refrain from using the following variables since their computations where either erroneous or do not comply with the CMIP6 protocol: Eyr_fracLut, 6hrPlevPt_sfcWind, Amon_mc, CFday_mc, CFmon_dmc, CFmon_smc, CFmon_mcd, CFmon_mcu, Omon_o2sat, Oyr_o2sat, Omon_uo, Omon_umo, Omon_hfx Omon_tauuo Technical details: Ensemble run on bullx B700 Mistral at DKRZ Dr. Holger Pohlmann Max Planck Institute for Meteorology https://mpimet.mpg.de/ pointOfContact NetCDF CMIP6 historical CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ eng; USA 0.0 360.0 -90.0 90.0 proleptic_gregorian 1850-01-01 2013-12-31 convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. "Mean sea level" means the time mean of sea surface elevation at a given location over an arbitrary period sufficient to eliminate the tidal signals. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer Total Water Content of Soil Layer Comment: in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice. Reported as 'missing' for grid cells occupied entirely by 'sea' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table 6hrPlevPt; Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): 6hr; day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 upward_ocean_mass_transport Upward Ocean Mass Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_ice_volume Sea-Ice Volume North Comment: total volume of sea ice in the Northern hemisphere Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e3 km3 sea_ice_volume Sea-Ice Volume North Comment: total volume of sea ice in the Northern hemisphere Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e3 km3 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_elemental_nitrogen_due_to_deposition_and_fixation_and_runoff Surface Downward Net Flux of Nitrogen Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Omon: Monthly Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:"Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Deposition of nitrogen into the ocean is the sum of dry and wet depositionof nitrogen species onto the ocean surface from the atmosphere. 'Nitrogen fixation' means the production of ammonia from nitrogen gas. Organisms that fix nitrogen are termed 'diazotrophs'. Diazotrophic phytoplankton can fix atmospheric nitrogen, thus increasing the content of nitrogen in the ocean. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage."tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 integral_wrt_depth_of_product_of_sea_water_density_and_salinity Depth Integral of Product of Sea Water Density and Prognostic Salinity Comment: Full column sum of density*cell thickness*prognostic salinity. If the model is Boussinesq, then use Boussinesq reference density for the density factor. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: g m-2 surface_downward_x_stress surface_downward_x_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 surface_downward_y_stress surface_downward_y_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 sinking_mole_flux_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_snow_thickness surface_snow_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_ice_speed Sea-Ice Speed Comment: Speed of ice (i.e. mean absolute velocity) to account for back-and-forth movement of the ice Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SIday; Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_phosphorus_in_sea_water Total Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus Concentration Comment: Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called 'molarity', and is used in the construction 'mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y', where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. 'Dissolved inorganic phosphorus' means the sum of all inorganic phosphorus in solution (including phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, and phosphoric acid). Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_runoff_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 integral_wrt_depth_of_tendency_of_sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent_due_to_biological_processes cf:Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. 'sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent' is the total alkalinity equivalent concentration (including carbonate, nitrogen, silicate, and borate components). The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'wrt' means with respect to. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Dissolved inorganic carbon' describes a family of chemical species in solution, including carbon dioxide, carbonic acid and the carbonate and bicarbonate anions. 'Dissolved inorganic carbon' is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 cell_thickness Ocean Model Cell Thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content Tendency of Sea water Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content Comment: Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from all processes. Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_silicon_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_processes Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Silicon Due to Biological Activity Comment: Net of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic silicon Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_ice_amount "Amount" means mass per unit area. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 sea_water_salinity_at_sea_floor Sea Water Salinity at Sea Floor Comment: Model prognostic salinity at bottom-most model grid cell Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.001 mole_concentration_of_miscellaneous_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Miscellaneous Phytoplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon concentration from additional phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. 'Miscellaneous phytoplankton' are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other seperately named components of the phytoplankton population. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_condensed_water alias: atmosphere_cloud_condensed_water_content "condensed_water" means liquid and ice. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 mass_fraction_of_cloud_ice_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg kg-1 mole_concentration_of_organic_detritus_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen".The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Organic detritus are particles of debris from decaying plants and animals.; unit: mol m-3 air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer Total Water Content of Soil Layer Comment: in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice. Reported as 'missing' for grid cells occupied entirely by 'sea' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table 6hrPlevPt; Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): 6hr; day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 ocean_volume Ocean Grid-Cell Volume [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m3 surface_altitude The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Altitude is the (geometric) height above the geoid, which is the reference geopotential surface. The geoid is similar to mean sea level.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_water_mass_per_unit_area Sea Water Mass Per Unit Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 root_depth Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. The root depth is maximum depth of soil reached by plant roots, from which they can extract moisture.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m land_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 mass_content_of_water_in_soil Total Soil Moisture Content Comment: the mass per unit area (summed over all soil layers) of water in all phases. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Lmon; Table day, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 integral_wrt_depth_of_tendency_of_sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent integral_wrt_depth_of_tendency_of_sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_diazotrophs_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Diazotrophs Expressed as Carbon in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: carbon concentration from the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_ice_extent Sea-Ice Extent North Comment: Total area of all Northern-Hemisphere grid cells that are covered by at least 15 % areal fraction of sea ice Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e6 km2 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 sea_surface_salinity The unit of salinity is PSU, which is dimensionless. The units attribute should be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand if salinity is in PSU. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as "SSS". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_salinity with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.001 mass_concentration_of_diazotrophs_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water Mass Concentration of Diazotrophs expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: chlorophyll concentration from the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mass concentration' means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 sea_ice_area_transport_across_line Sea-Ice Area Flux Through Straits Comment: net (sum of transport in all directions) sea ice area transport through the following four passages, positive into the Arctic Ocean 1. Fram Strait = (11.5W,81.3N to (10.5E,79.6N) 2. Canadian Archipelago = (128.2W,70.6N) to (59.3W,82.1N) 3. Barents opening = (16.8E,76.5N) to (19.2E,70.2N) 4. Bering Strait = (171W,66.2N) to (166W,65N) Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_ice_mass_content_of_salt Mass of Salt in Sea Ice per Area Comment: Total mass of all salt in sea ice divided by grid-cell area Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_downward_mole_flux_of_molecular_oxygen surface_downward_mole_flux_of_molecular_oxygen [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 depth_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water depth_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 iron_growth_limitation_of_diazotrophs Iron Limitation of Diazotrophs Comment: In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. 'Iron growth limitation' means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of iron) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on iron availability. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 mass_concentration_of_diazotrophs_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water Mass Concentration of Diazotrophs expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: chlorophyll concentration from the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mass concentration' means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 sea_ice_y_velocity sea_ice_y_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 upward_y_stress_at_sea_ice_base upward_y_stress_at_sea_ice_base [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol_particles Ambient Aerosol Optical Thickness at 440nm Comment: AOD from the ambient aerosols (i.e., includes aerosol water). Does not include AOD from stratospheric aerosols if these are prescribed but includes other possible background aerosol types. Needs a comment attribute 'wavelength: 440nm' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table AERmon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): aerosol. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_elemental_nitrogen_due_to_fixation tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_elemental_nitrogen_due_to_fixation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_ice_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content Sea-Ice Heat Content per Unit Area Comment: Heat content of all ice in grid cell divided by total grid-cell area. Water at 0 Celsius is assumed to have a heat content of 0 J. Does not include heat content of snow, but does include heat content of brine. Heat content is always negative, since both the sensible and the latent heat content of ice are less than that of water Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: J m-2 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. "Mean sea level" means the time mean of sea surface elevation at a given location over an arbitrary period sufficient to eliminate the tidal signals. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 ocean_mass_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon ocean_mass_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 minus_tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_elemental_nitrogen_due_to_denitrification_and_sedimentation Nitrogen Loss to Sediments and Through Denitrification Comment: 'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'Denitrification' is the conversion of nitrate into gaseous compounds such as nitric oxide, nitrous oxide and molecular nitrogen which are then emitted to the atmosphere. 'Sedimentation' is the sinking of particulate matter to the floor of a body of water. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content_due_to_parameterized_eddy_dianeutral_mixing Tendency of Sea water Salinity Expressed as Salt Content Due to Parameterized Dianeutral Mixing Comment: Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from parameterized dianeutral mixing. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_silicon_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_silicon_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mole_concentration_of_zooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_zooplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K net_primary_mole_productivity_of_biomass_expressed_as_carbon_by_phytoplankton Primary Organic Carbon Production by All Types of Phytoplankton Comment: Vertically integrated total primary (organic carbon) production by phytoplankton. This should equal the sum of intpdiat+intpphymisc, but those individual components may be unavailable in some models. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 surface_carbon_dioxide_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air surface_carbon_dioxide_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_silicon_in_sea_water cf:In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 liquid_water_content_of_surface_snow Liquid Water Content of Snow Layer Comment: The total mass of liquid water contained interstitially within the whole depth of the snow layer of the land portion of a grid cell divided by the area of the land portion of the cell. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Eday; Table LImon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): land; landIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 sea_water_pressure_at_sea_floor Sea Water Pressure at Sea floor [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa water_flux_into_sea_water alias: water_flux_into_ocean "Water" means water in all phases. The water flux into sea water is the freshwater entering as a result of precipitation, evaporation, river inflow, sea ice effects and water flux relaxation and correction (if applied). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 soil_temperature Soil temperature is the bulk temperature of the soil, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_downward_y_stress surface_downward_y_stress [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer Total Water Content of Soil Layer Comment: in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice. Reported as 'missing' for grid cells occupied entirely by 'sea' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table 6hrPlevPt; Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): 6hr; day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Upwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 water_evapotranspiration_flux Snow Evaporation Comment: Water here means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called 'sublimation'.) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. Unless indicated in the cell_methods attribute, a quantity is assumed to apply to the whole area of each horizontal grid box. Previously, the qualifier where_type was used to specify that the quantity applies only to the part of the grid box of the named type. Names containing the where_type qualifier are deprecated and newly created data should use the cell_methods attribute to indicate the horizontal area to which the quantity applies. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Eday, provided in frequency(s): day, and for Realm(s): land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_downward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_phosphorus_due_to_biological_production Phosphorus Production Comment: Vertically integrated biogenic phosphorus production Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_water_transport_across_line sea_water_transport_across_line [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_deposition_and_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_deposition_and_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 sea_surface_salinity The unit of salinity is PSU, which is dimensionless. The units attribute should be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand if salinity is in PSU. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as "SSS". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_salinity with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.001 mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_silicon_in_sea_water cf:In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_nitrogen_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_processes Rate of Change of Nitrogen Nutrient due to Biological Activity Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Net of biological terms in time rate of change of nitrogen nutrients (e.g. NO3+NH4) Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called"molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Inorganic nitrogen" describes a family of chemical species which, in an ocean model, usually includes nitrite, nitrate and ammonium which act as nitrogennutrients. "Inorganic nitrogen" is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_silicon_in_sea_water Total Dissolved Inorganic Silicon Concentration Comment: Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called 'molarity', and is used in the construction 'mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y', where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. 'Dissolved inorganic silicon' means the sum of all inorganic silicon in solution (including silicic acid and its first dissociated anion SiO(OH)3-). Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 net_rate_of_absorption_of_shortwave_energy_in_ocean_layer Net Rate of Absorption of Shortwave Energy in Ocean Layer Comment: 'shortwave' means shortwave radiation. 'Layer' means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. Net absorbed radiation is the difference between absorbed and emitted radiation. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent_due_to_biological_processes Rate of Change of Alkalinity due to Biological Activity Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Net of biological terms in time rate of change of alkalinity Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent' is the total alkalinity equivalent concentration (including carbonate, nitrogen, silicate, and borate components). The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that thequantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X withrespect to time. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 fraction_of_time_with_sea_ice_area_fraction_above_threshold Fraction of Time Steps with Sea Ice Comment: Fraction of time steps of the averaging period during which sea ice is present (siconc >0 ) in a grid cell Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SIday; Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_downward_heat_flux_in_sea_water surface_downward_heat_flux_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_snow_melt_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. For unit "m day-1" the water equivalent of snow melt is given. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer Total Water Content of Soil Layer Comment: in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice. Reported as 'missing' for grid cells occupied entirely by 'sea' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table 6hrPlevPt; Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): 6hr; day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_phosphorus_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_processes Rate of Change of Dissolved Phosphorus Due to Biological Activity Comment: Net of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved phosphate Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 square_of_sea_surface_salinity Square of Sea Surface Salinity Comment: Sea water salinity is the salt content of sea water, often on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978. However, the unqualified term 'salinity' is generic and does not necessarily imply any particular method of calculation. The units of salinity are dimensionless and the units attribute should normally be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Oday; Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e-06 surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 downward_sea_ice_basal_salt_flux Downward Sea Ice Basal Salt Flux [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 snow_transport_across_line_due_to_sea_ice_dynamics Snow Mass Flux Through Straits Comment: net (sum of transport in all directions) sea ice area transport through the following four passages, positive into the Arctic Ocean 1. Fram Strait = (11.5W,81.3N to (10.5E,79.6N) 2. Canadian Archipelago = (128.2W,70.6N) to (59.3W,82.1N) 3. Barents opening = (16.8E,76.5N) to (19.2E,70.2N) 4. Bering Strait = (171W,66.2N) to (166W,65N) Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_organic_carbon_in_sea_water "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Organic carbon" describes a family of chemical species and is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.001 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_silicon_in_sea_water cf:In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_sea_ice_area_fraction_due_to_dynamics Sea-ice Area Percentage Tendency Due to Dynamics Comment: Total change in sea-ice area fraction through dynamics-related processes (advection, divergence...) Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: s-1 surface_partial_pressure_of_carbon_dioxide_in_sea_water surface_partial_pressure_of_carbon_dioxide_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_sea_ice_thermodynamics Sea-Ice Mass Change from Thermodynamics Comment: Total change in sea-ice mass from thermodynamic processes divided by grid-cell area Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 net_primary_productivity_of_biomass_expressed_as_carbon Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmosphere Due to Net Primary Production on Land Comment: 'Production of carbon' means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs ('producers'), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. 'Productivity' means production per unit area. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Lmon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_phosphorus_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Dissolved inorganic phosphorus/phosphate' means phosphate ions in solution. The chemical formula of the phosphate anion is PO4 with a charge of minus three. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 net_primary_mole_productivity_of_biomass_expressed_as_carbon_by_diazotrophs Net Primary Mole Productivity of Carbon by Diazotrophs Comment: Vertically integrated primary (organic carbon) production by the diazotrophs alone Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 square_of_sea_surface_temperature Square of Sea Surface Temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC2 surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_processes Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon due to Biological Activity Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Net of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic carbon Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called"molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Dissolved inorganic carbon" describes a family of chemical species in solution, including carbon dioxide, carbonic acid and the carbonate and bicarbonate anions. "Dissolved inorganic carbon" is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 mass_concentration_of_diazotrophs_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water Mass Concentration of Diazotrophs expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: chlorophyll concentration from the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mass concentration' means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Chlorophylls are the green pigments found in most plants, algae and cyanobacteria; their presence is essential for photosynthesis to take place. There are several different forms of chlorophyll that occur naturally. All contain a chlorin ring (chemical formula C20H16N4) which gives the green pigment and a side chain whose structure varies. The naturally occurring forms of chlorophyll contain between 35 and 55 carbon atoms. In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 tendency_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_parameterized_eddy_advection Tendency of Sea Water Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content Due to Parameterized Eddy Advection Comment: Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized eddy advection (any form of eddy advection). Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer Total Water Content of Soil Layer Comment: in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice. Reported as 'missing' for grid cells occupied entirely by 'sea' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table 6hrPlevPt; Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): 6hr; day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water_at_saturation Dissolved Oxygen Concentration at Saturation Comment: 'Mole concentration at saturation' means the mole concentration in a saturated solution. Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called 'molarity', and is used in the construction 'mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y', where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 integral_wrt_depth_of_product_of_sea_water_density_and_potential_temperature Integral with Respect to Depth of Product of Sea Water Density and Potential Temperature Comment: Integral over the full ocean depth of the product of sea water density and potential temperature. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC kg m-2 sea_water_potential_temperature_at_sea_floor Sea Water Potential Temperature at Sea Floor Comment: Potential temperature at the ocean bottom-most grid cell. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sinking_mole_flux_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_grazing_of_phytoplankton Total Grazing of Phytoplankton by Zooplankton Comment: Total grazing of phytoplankton by zooplankton defined as tendency of moles of carbon per cubic metre. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 sea_water_age_since_surface_contact Sea Water Age Since Surface Contact [CF-Standard Name]; unit: yr sea_ice_x_velocity sea_ice_x_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 ocean_mass_content_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon Particulate Organic Carbon Content Comment: Vertically integrated POC Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_iron_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Dissolved inorganic iron' means iron ions, in oxidation states of both Fe2+ and Fe3+, in solution. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_dissolution tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_dissolution [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_remineralization Remineralization of Organic Carbon Comment: Remineralization is the degradation of organic matter into inorganic forms of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other micronutrients, which consumes oxygen and releases energy. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production_by_diazotrophs Tendency of Mole Concentration of Organic Carbon in Sea Water due to Net Primary Production by Diazotrophs Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Primary (organic carbon) production by the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Production of carbon" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (the rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs ("producers"), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. In the oceans, carbon production per unit volume is often found at a number of depths at a given horizontal location. That quantity can then be integrated to calculate production per unit area at the location. Standard names for production per unit area use the term "productivity". In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 square_of_ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Square of Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness De?ned by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 minus_tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_sedimentation Iron Loss to Sediments Comment: 'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sinking_mole_flux_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 cell_thickness Ocean Model Cell Thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. "Mean sea level" means the time mean of sea surface elevation at a given location over an arbitrary period sufficient to eliminate the tidal signals. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_snow_thickness surface_snow_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_water_mass_per_unit_area Sea Water Mass Per Unit Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_organic_carbon_due_to_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution Flux of Organic Carbon into Ocean Surface by Runoff Comment: Organic Carbon supply to ocean through runoff (separate from gas exchange) Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_silicon tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_silicon [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 northward_ocean_heat_transport_due_to_parameterized_eddy_advection Northward Ocean Heat Transport Due to Parameterized Eddy Advection Comment: Contributions to heat transport from parameterized eddy-induced advective transport due to any subgrid advective process. Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin. Use Celsius for temperature scale. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change Global Average Thermosteric Sea Level Change [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water Surface Mole Concentration of Particulate Organic Matter Expressed as Silicon in Sea Water Comment: sum of particulate silica component concentrations Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 ocean_mass_y_transport Ocean Mass Y Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_nitrogen_due_to_biological_production Nitrogen Production Comment: Vertically integrated biogenic nitrogen production Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_water_salinity sea_water_salinity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.001 mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_pm1_ambient_aerosol_particles Ambient Fine Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm Comment: od550 due to particles with wet diameter less than 1 um (ambient here means wetted). When models do not include explicit size information, it can be assumed that all anthropogenic aerosols and natural secondary aerosols have diameter less than 1 um. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table AERmon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): aerosol. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content Tendency of Sea water Salinity Expressed as Salt Content Comment: Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from all processes. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_particulate_matter_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_matter_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol_particles Ambient Aerosol Optical Thickness at 440nm Comment: AOD from the ambient aerosols (i.e., includes aerosol water). Does not include AOD from stratospheric aerosols if these are prescribed but includes other possible background aerosol types. Needs a comment attribute 'wavelength: 440nm' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table AERmon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): aerosol. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 ocean_mass_content_of_dissolved_organic_carbon Dissolved Organic Carbon Content Comment: Vertically integrated DOC (explicit pools only) Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 sea_surface_temperature Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any), and not the skin temperature, whose standard name is surface_temperature. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 wind_speed Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 water_flux_into_sea_water_due_to_sea_ice_thermodynamics Water Flux into Sea Water due to Sea Ice Thermodynamics [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_silicon_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Dissolved inorganic silicon/silicate' means silicate ions in solution. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_parameterized_mesoscale_eddy_diffusion Tendency of Sea Water Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content Due to Parameterized Mesoscale Diffusion Comment: Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized mesoscale eddy diffusion. Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_downward_northward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward northward" indicates the ZY component of a tensor. A downward northward stress is a downward flux of northward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium northward and the upper medium southward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa atmosphere_mass_of_carbon_dioxide atmosphere_mass_of_carbon_dioxide [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg tendency_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content_due_to_residual_mean_advection Tendency of Sea Water Salinity Expressed as Salt Content Due to Residual Mean Advection Comment: The phrase 'residual mean advection' refers to the sum of the model's resolved advective transport plus any parameterized advective transport. Parameterized advective transport includes processes such as parameterized mesoscale and submesoscale transport, as well as any other advectively parameterized transport. When the parameterized advective transport is represented in the model as a skew-diffusion rather than an advection, then the parameterized skew diffusion should be included in this diagnostic, since the convergence of skew-fluxes are identical (in the continuous formulation) to the convergence of advective fluxes. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 tendency_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_parameterized_eddy_dianeutral_mixing Tendency of Sea Water Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content Due to Parameterized Dianeutral Mixing Comment: Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized dianeutral mixing. Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K land_ice_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. "Land ice" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 soil_moisture_content_at_field_capacity "moisture" means water in all phases contained in soil. "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "soil content" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including content_of_soil_layer are used. The field capacity of soil is the maximum content of water it can retain against gravitational drainage. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 region Region Selection Index [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing shortwave flux is the reflected and scattered solar radiative flux i.e. the "upwelling" TOA shortwave flux, sometimes called the "outgoing shortwave radiation" or "OSR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 runoff_flux Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, "runoff" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled toa_incoming_shortwave_flux "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA incoming shortwave flux is the radiative flux from the sun i.e. the "downwelling" TOA shortwave flux. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_mixing_scheme Monthly Maximum Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness De?ned by Mixing Scheme [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_ice_speed Sea-Ice Speed Comment: Speed of ice (i.e. mean absolute velocity) to account for back-and-forth movement of the ice Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SIday; Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 water_flux_into_sea_water_without_flux_correction Water means water in all phases. The water_flux_into_sea_water_without_flux_correction is the freshwater entering as a result of precipitation, evaporation, river inflow and sea ice effects. The total water flux including any flux relaxation(s) or correction(s) is described by the standard name water_flux_into_sea_water. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 depth_of_isosurface_of_sea_water_potential_temperature Depth of 20 degree Celsius Isotherm Comment: This quantity, sometimes called the 'isotherm depth', is the depth (if it exists) at which the sea water potential temperature equals some specified value. This value should be specified in a scalar coordinate variable. Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): land; ocean. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m sea_water_volume Sea Water Volume [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m3 northward_ocean_salt_transport Northward Ocean Salt Transport Comment: function of latitude, basin Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table EmonZ, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; ocean. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 tendency_of_surface_snow_amount_due_to_sea_ice_dynamics Snow Mass Rate of Change Through Advection by Sea-Ice Dynamics Comment: The rate of change of snow mass through advection with sea ice divided by sea-ice area Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_sea_ice_area_fraction_due_to_thermodynamics Sea-ice Area Percentage Tendency Due to Thermodynamics Comment: Total change in sea-ice area fraction through thermodynamic processes Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: s-1 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_surface_height_above_geoid sea_surface_height_above_geoid [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m atmosphere_absorption_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol_particles Ambient Aerosol Absorption Optical Thickness at 550nm Comment: Optical thickness of atmospheric aerosols at wavelength 550 nanometers. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table AERmon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): aerosol. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile mole_concentration_of_dissolved_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_temperature The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The surface temperature is the (skin) temperature at the interface, not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K surface_downward_eastward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward eastward" indicates the ZX component of a tensor. A downward eastward stress is a downward flux of eastward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium eastward and the upper medium westward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa upward_sea_water_velocity upward_sea_water_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_ice_x_transport sea_ice_x_transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 mole_fraction_of_ozone_in_air Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol mol-1 surface_downward_northward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward northward" indicates the ZY component of a tensor. A downward northward stress is a downward flux of northward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium northward and the upper medium southward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 minimum_depth_of_calcite_undersaturation_in_sea_water minimum_depth_of_calcite_undersaturation_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC minus_tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_inorganic_carbon_due_to_sedimentation Downward Inorganic Carbon Flux at Ocean Bottom Comment: Inorganic Carbon loss to sediments Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 sea_ice_extent Sea-Ice Extent North Comment: Total area of all Northern-Hemisphere grid cells that are covered by at least 15 % areal fraction of sea ice Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e6 km2 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC surface_molecular_oxygen_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air surface_molecular_oxygen_partial_pressure_difference_between_sea_water_and_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 integral_wrt_depth_of_product_of_sea_water_density_and_salinity Depth Integral of Product of Sea Water Density and Prognostic Salinity Comment: Full column sum of density*cell thickness*prognostic salinity. If the model is Boussinesq, then use Boussinesq reference density for the density factor. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: g m-2 ocean_vertical_salt_diffusivity "Vertical salt diffusivity" means the vertical component of the diffusivity of salt due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_grazing_of_phytoplankton Total Grazing of Phytoplankton by Zooplankton Comment: Total grazing of phytoplankton by zooplankton defined as tendency of moles of carbon per cubic metre. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 ocean_vertical_heat_diffusivity "Vertical heat diffusivity" means the vertical component of the diffusivity of heat due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 s-1 surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky A phrase assuming_condition indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 relative_humidity relative_humidity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K convective_precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 toa_outgoing_longwave_flux "longwave" means longwave radiation. "toa" means top of atmosphere. The TOA outgoing longwave flux is the upwelling thermal radiative flux, often called the "outgoing longwave radiation" or "OLR". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 snowfall_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 square_of_sea_surface_temperature Square of Sea Surface Temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC2 ocean_heat_y_transport Ocean Heat Y Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W leaf_area_index "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 square_of_sea_surface_height_above_geoid Square of Sea Surface Height Above Geoid [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 sea_surface_temperature Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any), and not the skin temperature, whose standard name is surface_temperature. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC ocean_barotropic_mass_streamfunction Ocean Barotropic Mass Streamfunction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. "Mean sea level" means the time mean of sea surface elevation at a given location over an arbitrary period sufficient to eliminate the tidal signals. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa northward_ocean_heat_transport_due_to_parameterized_mesoscale_eddy_advection Northward Ocean Heat Transport Due to Parameterized Mesoscale Advection Comment: Contributions to heat transport from parameterized mesoscale eddy-induced advective transport. Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin. Use Celsius for temperature scale. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W sea_ice_area_fraction sea_ice_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_iron_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_iron_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_silicon_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_silicon_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_iron_in_sea_water_due_to_biological_processes Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Iron due to Biological Activity Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Net of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic iron Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called"molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. "Dissolved inorganic iron" means iron ions, in oxidation states of both Fe2+ and Fe3+, in solution. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 sea_floor_depth_below_geoid Sea Floor Depth [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m cell_area Model Grid-Cell Area [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m2 upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_surface_temperature Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any), and not the skin temperature, whose standard name is surface_temperature. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC surface_air_pressure The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: not filled cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 leaf_area_index "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_ice_x_velocity sea_ice_x_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_inorganic_carbon_due_to_runoff_and_sediment_dissolution Flux of Inorganic Carbon into Ocean Surface by Runoff Comment: Inorganic Carbon supply to ocean through runoff (separate from gas exchange) Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 square_of_sea_surface_salinity Square of Sea Surface Salinity Comment: Sea water salinity is the salt content of sea water, often on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978. However, the unqualified term 'salinity' is generic and does not necessarily imply any particular method of calculation. The units of salinity are dimensionless and the units attribute should normally be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Oday; Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e-06 mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 sea_water_potential_temperature sea_water_potential_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC ocean_meridional_overturning_mass_streamfunction Ocean Meridional Overturning Mass Streamfunction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 sea_ice_transport_across_line sea_ice_transport_across_line [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 northward_ocean_heat_transport Northward Ocean Heat Transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_biological_production tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_iron_due_to_biological_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 sea_water_mass Sea Water Mass [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg northward_ocean_heat_transport_due_to_parameterized_mesoscale_eddy_diffusion Northward Ocean Heat Transport Due to Parameterized Mesoscale Diffusion Comment: Contributions to heat transport from parameterized mesoscale eddy-induced diffusive transport (i.e., neutral diffusion). Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W tendency_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content_due_to_parameterized_eddy_advection Tendency of Sea water Salinity Expressed as Salt Content Due to Parameterized Eddy Advection Comment: Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from parameterized eddy advection (any form of eddy advection). Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_sea_water_salinity_expressed_as_salt_content_due_to_parameterized_mesoscale_eddy_diffusion Tendency of Sea water Salinity Expressed as Salt Content Due to Parameterized Mesoscale Diffusion Comment: Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from parameterized mesoscale eddy diffusion. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 tendency_of_sea_water_potential_temperature_expressed_as_heat_content_due_to_residual_mean_advection Tendency of Sea Water Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content Due to Residual Mean Advection Comment: The phrase 'residual mean advection' refers to the sum of the model's resolved advective transport plus any parameterized advective transport. Parameterized advective transport includes processes such as parameterized mesoscale and submesoscale transport, as well as any other advectively parameterized transport. When the parameterized advective transport is represented in the model as a skew-diffusion rather than an advection, then the parameterized skew diffusion should be included in this diagnostic, since the convergence of skew-fluxes are identical (in the continuous formulation) to the convergence of advective fluxes. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 integral_wrt_depth_of_product_of_sea_water_density_and_potential_temperature Integral with Respect to Depth of Product of Sea Water Density and Potential Temperature Comment: Integral over the full ocean depth of the product of sea water density and potential temperature. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC kg m-2 precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_surface_salinity The unit of salinity is PSU, which is dimensionless. The units attribute should be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand if salinity is in PSU. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as "SSS". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_salinity with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.001 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 basal_downward_heat_flux_in_sea_ice Net Conductive Heat Fluxes in Ice at the Bottom Comment: the net heat conduction flux at the ice base Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_phosphorus tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_phosphorus [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 net_rate_of_absorption_of_shortwave_energy_in_ocean_layer Net Rate of Absorption of Shortwave Energy in Ocean Layer Comment: 'shortwave' means shortwave radiation. 'Layer' means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. Net absorbed radiation is the difference between absorbed and emitted radiation. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Emon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): land; ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent sea_water_alkalinity_expressed_as_mole_equivalent [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_sea_ice_amount_due_to_sea_ice_dynamics Sea-Ice Mass Change from Dynamics Comment: Total change in sea-ice mass through dynamics-related processes (advection,...) divided by grid-cell area Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer "Layer" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. "X_area_fraction" means the fraction ofhorizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_ice_thickness sea_ice_thickness [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 net_downward_shortwave_flux_at_sea_water_surface net_downward_shortwave_flux_at_sea_water_surface [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer Total Water Content of Soil Layer Comment: in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice. Reported as 'missing' for grid cells occupied entirely by 'sea' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table 6hrPlevPt; Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): 6hr; day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 gross_primary_productivity_of_biomass_expressed_as_carbon Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmosphere Due to Gross Primary Production on Land Comment: The rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors by autotrophs ('producers') expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. For example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton. The producers also respire some of this biomass and the difference is referred to as the net primary production. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table E3hr; Table Lmon, provided in frequency(s): 3hr; mon, and for Realm(s): land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 surface_snow_amount surface_snow_amount [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky Downwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_ice_area Sea-Ice Area North Comment: total area of sea ice in the Northern hemisphere Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e6 km2 mass_fraction_of_cloud_liquid_water_in_air Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of Y to the mass of X (including Y). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg kg-1 ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_iron_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_ice_surface_temperature sea_ice_surface_temperature [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 sea_area_fraction Sea Area Fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 precipitation_flux In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 air_temperature Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K geopotential_height Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m soil_temperature Soil temperature is the bulk temperature of the soil, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: K mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer Total Water Content of Soil Layer Comment: in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice. Reported as 'missing' for grid cells occupied entirely by 'sea' Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table 6hrPlevPt; Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): 6hr; day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 depth_of_isosurface_of_sea_water_potential_temperature Depth of 20 degree Celsius Isotherm Comment: This quantity, sometimes called the 'isotherm depth', is the depth (if it exists) at which the sea water potential temperature equals some specified value. This value should be specified in a scalar coordinate variable. Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Eday; Table Emon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): land; ocean. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water mass_concentration_of_phytoplankton_expressed_as_chlorophyll_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-3 surface_downward_eastward_stress The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). "Downward eastward" indicates the ZX component of a tensor. A downward eastward stress is a downward flux of eastward momentum, which accelerates the lower medium eastward and the upper medium westward. The surface downward stress is the windstress on the surface. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa northward_wind "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 surface_upward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production_by_miscellaneous_phytoplankton Other Phytoplankton Carbon Production Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Primary (organic carbon) production by other phytoplankton components alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Production of carbon" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (the rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs ("producers"), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. In the oceans, carbon production per unit volume is often found at a number of depths at a given horizontal location. That quantity can then be integrated to calculate production per unit area at the location. Standard names for production per unit area use the term "productivity". Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. "Miscellaneous phytoplankton" are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other seperately named components of the phytoplankton population. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 fraction_of_time_with_sea_ice_area_fraction_above_threshold Fraction of Time Steps with Sea Ice Comment: Fraction of time steps of the averaging period during which sea ice is present (siconc >0 ) in a grid cell Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SIday; Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 sea_ice_freeboard Sea-Ice Freeboard Comment: Mean height of sea-ice surface (=snow-ice interface when snow covered) above sea level Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_nitrogen tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_nitrogen [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 surface_snow_area_fraction surface_snow_area_fraction [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 thermal_energy_content_of_surface_snow Snow Heat Content per Unit Area Comment: Heat-content of all snow in grid cell divided by total grid-cell area. Snow-water equivalent at 0 Celsius is assumed to have a heat content of 0 J. Does not include heat content of sea ice. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: J m-2 sea_ice_area Sea-Ice Area North Comment: total area of sea ice in the Northern hemisphere Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table SImon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): seaIce. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1e6 km2 mole_concentration_of_carbonate_expressed_as_carbon_at_equilibrium_with_pure_calcite_in_sea_water Mole Concentration of Carbonate Ion in Equilibrium with Pure Calcite in Sea Water Comment: Mole concentration (number of moles per unit volume: molarity) of the carbonate anion (CO3) for sea water in equilibrium with pure calcite. Aragonite (CaCO3) is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 eastward_wind "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 mass_content_of_water_in_soil Total Soil Moisture Content Comment: the mass per unit area (summed over all soil layers) of water in all phases. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Lmon; Table day, provided in frequency(s): day; mon, and for Realm(s): atmos; land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 upward_x_stress_at_sea_ice_base upward_x_stress_at_sea_ice_base [CF-Standard Name]; unit: N m-2 square_of_brunt_vaisala_frequency_in_sea_water Square of Brunt Vaisala Frequency in Sea Water Comment: The phrase 'square_of_X' means X*X. Frequency is the number of oscillations of a wave per unit time. Brunt-Vaisala frequency is also sometimes called 'buoyancy frequency' and is a measure of the vertical stratification of the medium. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: s-2 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production_by_diazotrophs Tendency of Mole Concentration of Organic Carbon in Sea Water due to Net Primary Production by Diazotrophs Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Primary (organic carbon) production by the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Production of carbon" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (the rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs ("producers"), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. In the oceans, carbon production per unit volume is often found at a number of depths at a given horizontal location. That quantity can then be integrated to calculate production per unit area at the location. Standard names for production per unit area use the term "productivity". In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 water_flux_into_sea_water_due_to_sea_ice_thermodynamics Water Flux into Sea Water due to Sea Ice Thermodynamics [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 ocean_meridional_overturning_mass_streamfunction_due_to_parameterized_mesoscale_eddy_advection Ocean Meridional Overturning Mass Streamfunction Due to Parameterized Mesoscale Advection Comment: CMIP5 called this 'due to Bolus Advection'. Name change respects the more general physics of the mesoscale parameterizations. Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocean; ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 northward_sea_water_velocity A velocity is a vector quantity. "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 mole_concentration_of_particulate_matter_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_matter_expressed_as_silicon_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Upward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean "net upward". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called "irradiance". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called "vector irradiance". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air [CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 sea_surface_temperature Sea surface temperature is usually abbreviated as "SST". It is the temperature of sea water near the surface (including the part under sea-ice, if any), and not the skin temperature, whose standard name is surface_temperature. For the temperature of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of sea_water_temperature with a vertical coordinate axis should be used. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: degC sea_ice_y_velocity sea_ice_y_velocity [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m s-1 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_iron tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_iron [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_organic_carbon_in_sea_water "Mole concentration" means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". "Organic carbon" describes a family of chemical species and is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 sea_ice_y_transport sea_ice_y_transport [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg s-1 mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_phosphorus_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_dissolved_inorganic_nitrogen_due_to_biological_processes cf:'Content' indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. 'tendency_of_X' means derivative of X with respect to time. 'Inorganic nitrogen' describes a family of chemical species which, in an ocean model, usually includes nitrite, nitrate and ammonium which act as nitrogen nutrients. 'Inorganic nitrogen' is the term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 tendency_of_mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water_due_to_net_primary_production_by_miscellaneous_phytoplankton Other Phytoplankton Carbon Production Used in MIP table(s): CMOR Table Oyr: Annual Mean Ocean Fields, Including Biogechemical Fields Comment in standard_output document: Primary (organic carbon) production by other phytoplankton components alone Code list created on 2012-10-16 out of standard_output document (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.xlsx ) cf:Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called "molarity", and is used in the construction "mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_expressed_as_nitrogen". The phrase "expressed_as" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. "Production of carbon" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (the rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs ("producers"), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. In the oceans, carbon production per unit volume is often found at a number of depths at a given horizontal location. That quantity can then be integrated to calculate production per unit area at the location. Standard names for production per unit area use the term "productivity". Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. "Miscellaneous phytoplankton" are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other seperately named components of the phytoplankton population. "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 s-1 sinking_mole_flux_of_calcite_expressed_as_carbon_in_sea_water cf:The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics. 'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water mole_concentration_of_particulate_organic_matter_expressed_as_nitrogen_in_sea_water [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 area_fraction "Area fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of "area_fraction", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of "area_type". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of "X_area_fraction" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 0.01 mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_silicon_in_sea_water Total Dissolved Inorganic Silicon Concentration Comment: Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called 'molarity', and is used in the construction 'mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y', where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. 'Dissolved inorganic silicon' means the sum of all inorganic silicon in solution (including silicic acid and its first dissociated anion SiO(OH)3-). Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon; Table Oyr, provided in frequency(s): mon; yr, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-3 ocean_mixed_layer_thickness_defined_by_sigma_t Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T [CF-Standard Name]; unit: m surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_plant_respiration Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere Due to Autotrophic (Plant) Respiration on Land Comment: Carbon mass flux per unit area into atmosphere due to autotrophic respiration on land (respiration by producers) [see rh for heterotrophic production] Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table E3hr; Table Lmon, provided in frequency(s): 3hr; mon, and for Realm(s): land. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 s-1 minus_tendency_of_ocean_mole_content_of_organic_carbon_due_to_sedimentation Downward Organic Carbon Flux at Ocean Bottom Comment: Organic Carbon loss to sediments Used for mip era 'CMIP6' in CMOR MIP table(s): Table Omon, provided in frequency(s): mon, and for Realm(s): ocnBgchem. Codelist created on 2019-02-01 from https://github.com/PCMDI/cmip6-cmor-tables (CMOR Version=3.4; table_date(s):14 December 2018) [CF-Standard Name]; unit: mol m-2 s-1 specific_humidity "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure "tendency_of_X" means derivative of X with respect to time. The Lagrangian tendency of a quantity is its rate of change following the motion of the fluid, also called the "material derivative" or "convective derivative". The Lagrangian tendency of air pressure, often called "omega", plays the role of the upward component of air velocity when air pressure is being used as the vertical coordinate. If the vertical air velocity is upwards, it is negative when expressed as a tendency of air pressure; downwards is positive.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa s-1 NetCDF 243811596 https://www.wdc-climate.de/ui/entry?acronym=SOLCHECK_MPI-ESM-HR_C6_hist information collection n/a None