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wdc-climate.de:5275166 eng; USA collection cD4_wfns_offs_E5_36M Dr Alberto Elizalde Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon www.hereon.de pointOfContact 2024-05-03T11:18:14 ISO 19115 ISO 19115-2:2009 Offshore wind farm scenario with 3.6 MW rated capacity turbines for the North Sea using COSMO6.0-clm driven with ERA5 2024-06-06 publication 1 cD4_wfns_offs_E5_36M doi:10.26050/WDCC/cD4_wfns_offs_E5_36M Dr Alberto Elizalde Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon www.hereon.de Email: alberto.elizalde@hereon.de principalInvestigator Dr Alberto Elizalde Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon www.hereon.de Email: alberto.elizalde@hereon.de author Dr. Beate Geyer Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon https://hereon.de/ Email: beate.geyer@hereon.de author Dr. Naveed Akhtar Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon www.hereon.de Email: naveed.akhtar@hereon.de author WDCC publisher Hindcast atmospheric simulation for the North Sea using COSMO6.0-CLMWF version driven with ERA5 reanalysis data and the wind farm parametrization from Fitch et al., 2012 (referenced by Elizalde, 2023) with wind turbines of 3.6 MW rated capacity. The covered period is from 2012 to 2022 with hourly frequency output. The model uses a rotated grid with 356 x 396 grid points and a grid spacing of 0.02 degrees, the rotated North pole is located at 180 W, 30 N. We gratefully acknowledge financial support through the H2Mare PtX-Wind project with funds provided by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under Grant No. 03HY302J. Dr Alberto Elizalde Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon www.hereon.de pointOfContact NetCDF H2Mare Wind farm parametrization coastdat regional climate modeling CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ eng; USA -2.96 10.46 50.08 58.34 proleptic_gregorian 2012-01-01 2022-12-31 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/BMBF//03HY302J/DE//H2Mare PtX-Wind wind_speed-at150m Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 northward_wind-at90m "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 specific_humidity-at120m "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: kg kg-1 wind_from_direction-at120m Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) In meteorological reports, the direction of the wind vector is usually (but not always) given as the direction from which it is blowing (wind_from_direction) (westerly, northerly, etc.). In other contexts, such as atmospheric modelling, it is often natural to give the direction in the usual manner of vectors as the heading or the direction to which it is blowing (wind_to_direction) (eastward, southward, etc.) "from_direction" is used in the construction X_from_direction and indicates the direction from which the velocity vector of X is coming. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: not filled specific_turbulent_kinetic_energy_of_air-at120m Specific means per unit mass. "Turbulent kinetic energy" is the kinetic energy of all eddy-induced motion that is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m2 s-2 specific_turbulent_kinetic_energy_of_air-at90m Specific means per unit mass. "Turbulent kinetic energy" is the kinetic energy of all eddy-induced motion that is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m2 s-2 specific_humidity-at150m "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: kg kg-1 number_turbines number_turbines; unit: not filled wind_speed-at10m Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 wind_speed-at90m Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 eastward_wind-at10m "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 northward_wind-at110m "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 northward_wind-at120m "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 eastward_wind-at110m "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 surface_net_downward_longwave_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "longwave" means longwave radiation. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). Net downward radiation is the difference between radiation from above (downwelling) and radiation from below (upwelling). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 specific_humidity-at90m "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: kg kg-1 cloud_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called "cloud amount" and "cloud cover". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 turbines_per_square_meter turbines_per_square_meter; unit: not filled land_area_fraction "X_area_fraction" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. "X_area" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: 1 wind_farm_area wind_farm_area; unit: km2 wind_farm_mask wind_farm_mask; unit: 1 wind_from_direction-at110m Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) In meteorological reports, the direction of the wind vector is usually (but not always) given as the direction from which it is blowing (wind_from_direction) (westerly, northerly, etc.). In other contexts, such as atmospheric modelling, it is often natural to give the direction in the usual manner of vectors as the heading or the direction to which it is blowing (wind_to_direction) (eastward, southward, etc.) "from_direction" is used in the construction X_from_direction and indicates the direction from which the velocity vector of X is coming. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: not filled air_temperature-at2m Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: K eastward_wind-at120m "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 relative_humidity-at2m relative_humidity-at2m [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: % air_temperature-at90m Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: K surface_downward_latent_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 specific_humidity-at110m "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: kg kg-1 wind_from_direction-at10m [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: not filled wind_farm_generated_power wind_farm_generated_power; unit: W specific_turbulent_kinetic_energy_of_air-at150m Specific means per unit mass. "Turbulent kinetic energy" is the kinetic energy of all eddy-induced motion that is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m2 s-2 northward_wind-at150m "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 power_MW power_MW; unit: 1 air_temperature-at120m Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: K wind_from_direction-at90m Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) In meteorological reports, the direction of the wind vector is usually (but not always) given as the direction from which it is blowing (wind_from_direction) (westerly, northerly, etc.). In other contexts, such as atmospheric modelling, it is often natural to give the direction in the usual manner of vectors as the heading or the direction to which it is blowing (wind_to_direction) (eastward, southward, etc.) "from_direction" is used in the construction X_from_direction and indicates the direction from which the velocity vector of X is coming. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: not filled eastward_wind-at90m "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL. Air pressure is the force per unit area which would be exerted when the moving gas molecules of which the air is composed strike a theoretical surface of any orientation. "Mean sea level" means the time mean of sea surface elevation at a given location over an arbitrary period sufficient to eliminate the tidal signals. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: Pa eastward_wind-at150m "Eastward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 production_start_year production_start_year; unit: not filled wind_speed-at120m Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 northward_wind-at10m "Northward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 surface_downward_sensible_heat_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called "turbulent" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 wind_from_direction-at150m Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) In meteorological reports, the direction of the wind vector is usually (but not always) given as the direction from which it is blowing (wind_from_direction) (westerly, northerly, etc.). In other contexts, such as atmospheric modelling, it is often natural to give the direction in the usual manner of vectors as the heading or the direction to which it is blowing (wind_to_direction) (eastward, southward, etc.) "from_direction" is used in the construction X_from_direction and indicates the direction from which the velocity vector of X is coming. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: not filled specific_turbulent_kinetic_energy_of_air-at110m Specific means per unit mass. "Turbulent kinetic energy" is the kinetic energy of all eddy-induced motion that is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m2 s-2 object_id object_id; unit: not filled turbine_rated_power turbine_rated_power; unit: not filled surface_net_downward_shortwave_flux The surface called "surface" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. "shortwave" means shortwave radiation. "Downward" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). Net downward radiation is the difference between radiation from above (downwelling) and radiation from below (upwelling). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies per unit area, called "flux density" in physics.[CF-Standard Name]; unit: W m-2 wind_speed-at110m Speed is the magnitude of velocity. Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.) The wind speed is the magnitude of the wind velocity. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: m s-1 specific_humidity-at2m "specific" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.[CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: kg kg-1 air_temperature-at110m Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: K air_temperature-at150m Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. [CF-Standard Name-vertical_coordinate]; unit: K precipitation_amount "Amount" means mass per unit area. "Precipitation" in the earths atmosphere means precipitation of water in all phases. [CF-Standard Name]; unit: kg m-2 NetCDF 1994046 https://www.wdc-climate.de/ui/entry?acronym=cD4_wfns_offs_E5_36M information collection